Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers, or turn a date into Roman numerals. Works instantly in your browser — nothing is uploaded.

Enter a number (1–3999)

Enter a Roman numeral

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Roman Numerals Chart

Roman numerals use seven letters. Larger-value letters come first; a smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted (IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900).

Symbol	Value
I	1
V	5
X	10
L	50
C	100
D	500
M	1000

Roman Numerals 1 to 100

Roman Numerals 100 to 1000

How to Read & Write Roman Numerals

Add letter values from left to right. When a smaller value sits directly before a larger one, subtract it. Each letter (except the subtractive pairs) repeats at most three times, so 4 is IV, not IIII, and 40 is XL, not XXXX. Years and dates follow the same rule — 2026 is MMXXVI and July 4, 1994 is VII · IV · MCMXCIV.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is there no zero in Roman numerals?

The Roman system has no symbol for zero — it was designed for counting and tallying, where a "nothing" value was written as the Latin word nulla rather than a digit. Numerals start at I (1).

What is the largest Roman numeral?

Using standard letters (I, V, X, L, C, D, M), the largest value is 3,999 = MMMCMXCIX. Larger numbers historically used an overline (vinculum) to multiply by 1,000, which this converter does not use — it stays within the classic 1–3999 range.

How do I write a year or a date in Roman numerals?

Convert the number as usual: 2026 is MMXXVI. For a full date, convert the day, month and year separately — July 4, 1994 becomes VII · IV · MCMXCIV. Use the Date → Roman mode above to do this automatically.

Is IIII a valid Roman numeral?

In standard notation, no — 4 is written IV. (IIII appears on some clock faces as a stylistic choice, but it is not standard.) This converter accepts only standard numerals and will flag IIII as invalid.

Numbers in Roman numerals

Dedicated pages for the most-looked-up numbers, plus a full chart:

4 (IV) · 9 (IX) · 40 (XL) · 49 (XLIX) · 50 (L) · 90 (XC) · 99 (XCIX) · 100 (C) · 500 (D) · 1000 (M) · 2024 · 2025 · 2026 · Full 1–100 chart →

Roman Numeral Converter

Roman Numerals Chart

Roman Numerals 1 to 100

Roman Numerals 100 to 1000

How to Read & Write Roman Numerals

Frequently Asked Questions

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Numbers in Roman numerals