Torque Simulator
Classroom worksheet · Interactive simulation: https://lkforge.com/tools/physics/torque/
Name: Date:
Learning objectives
- Compute torque from force and lever arm.
- Apply the condition for rotational equilibrium.
- Explain the role of the angle between force and arm.
Variables to change
- Force magnitude
- Distance from pivot
- Angle of force
Procedure
- Apply a force at a set distance from the pivot and note the torque.
- Move the force farther from the pivot and observe the torque.
- Change the angle of the applied force toward parallel with the arm.
- Balance two torques on opposite sides of the pivot.
Observations
Record torque versus distance and angle, and the condition when the system balances.
Questions
- Write the torque equation.
- How does moving the force farther from the pivot affect torque?
- At what angle does a force produce maximum torque? Zero torque?
- State the condition for rotational equilibrium.
- Why is a door handle placed far from the hinges?
Answer key (instructors)
- 1. τ = r·F·sinθ, where θ is the angle between the force and the lever arm.
- 2. Torque increases in proportion to the distance (lever arm).
- 3. Maximum at 90° (perpendicular); zero at 0°/180° (along the arm).
- 4. The sum of clockwise torques equals the sum of counterclockwise torques (net torque = 0).
- 5. A longer lever arm gives more torque for the same push, making the door easier to open.
Torque τ = rF·sinθ measures a force’s turning effect; it grows with lever arm and is largest when the force is perpendicular. A body is in rotational equilibrium when opposing torques balance to zero.